Income from Salary Computation A.Y 10-11

Section 192 of the Income-tax Act, 1961 - Deduction of tax at source - Salary - Income-tax deduction
from salaries during the financial year 2009-10
           CIRCULAR NO. 1/2010 [F. NO. 275/192/2009 IT(B)], DATED 11-1-2010
Reference is invited to Circular No. 8/2007, dated 5-12-2007 whereby the rates of deduction of income-tax
from the payment of income under the head “Salaries” under section 192 of the Income-tax Act, 1961,
during the financial year 2008-09, were intimated. The present Circular contains the rates of deduction of
income-tax from the payment of income chargeable under the head “Salaries” during the financial year
2009-10 and explains certain related provisions of the Income-tax Act. The relevant Acts, Rules, Forms
and Notifications are available at the website of the Income-tax Department - www.incometaxindia.gov.in.
Finance Act, 2009
2. As per the Finance Act, 2009, income-tax is required to be deducted under section 192 of the Incometax
Act, 1961 from income chargeable under the head “Salaries” for the financial year 2009-10 (i.e.,
assessment year 2010-11) at the following rates :—
RATES OF INCOME-TAX
A. Normal Rates of tax :—
B. Rates of tax for a woman, resident in India and below sixty-five years of age at any time during the
financial year :—
C. Rates of tax for an individual, resident in India and of the age of sixty-five years or more at any time
during the financial year :—
Surcharge on Income tax :
There will be no surcharge on income-tax payments by individual taxpayers during financial year 2009-10
(assessment year 2010-11).
Education Cess on Income tax :
The amount of income-tax shall be further increased by an additional surcharge (Education Cess on
Income-tax) at the rate of two per cent of the income-tax.
Additional surcharge on Income-tax (Secondary and Higher Education Cess on Income-tax) :
1. Where the total income does not exceed Rs.
1,60,000.
Nil
2. Where the total income exceeds Rs.
1,60,000 but does not exceed Rs. 3,00,000
10 per cent of the amount by which the total
income exceeds Rs. 1,60,000
3. Where the total income exceeds Rs.
3,00,000 but does not exceed Rs. 5,00,000
Rs. 14,000 plus 20 per cent of the amount by
which the total income exceeds Rs. 3,00,000
4. Where the total income exceeds Rs.
5,00,000
Rs. 54,000 plus 30 per cent of the amount by
which the total income exceeds Rs. 5,00,000
1. Where the total income does not exceed Rs.
1,90,000
Nil
2. Where the total income exceeds Rs.
1,90,000 but does not exceed Rs. 3,00,000
10 per cent of the amount by which the total
income exceeds Rs. 1,90,000
3. Where the total income exceeds Rs.
3,00,000 but does not exceed Rs. 5,00,000
Rs. 11,000 plus 20 per cent of the amount by
which the total income exceeds Rs. 3,00,000
4. Where the total income exceeds Rs.
5,00,000
Rs. 51,000 plus 30 per cent of the amount by
which the total income exceeds Rs. 5,00,000
1. Where the total income does not exceed Rs.
2,40,000
Nil
2. Where the total income exceeds Rs.
2,40,000 but does not exceed Rs. 3,00,000
10 per cent of the amount by which the total
income exceeds Rs. 2,40,000
3. Where the total income exceeds Rs.
3,00,000 but does not exceed Rs. 5,00,000
Rs. 6,000 plus 20 per cent of the amount by
which the total income exceeds Rs. 3,00,000
4. Where the total income exceeds Rs.
5,00,000
Rs. 46,000 plus 30 per cent of the amount by
which the total income exceeds Rs. 5,00,000
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From financial year 2007-08 onwards, an additional surcharge is chargeable at the rate of one per cent of
income-tax (not including the Education Cess on income-tax).
Education Cess, and Secondary and Higher Education Cess are payable by both resident and non-resident
assessees.
3. Section 192 of the Income-tax Act, 1961 : Broad scheme of tax deduction at source from
“Salaries”.
3.1 Method of Tax Calculation - Every person who is responsible for paying any income chargeable under
the head “Salaries” shall deduct income-tax on the estimated income of the assessee under the head
“Salaries” for the financial year 2009-10. The income-tax is required to be calculated on the basis of the
rates given above and shall be deducted on average at the time of each payment. No tax will, however, be
required to be deducted at source in any case unless the estimated salary income including the value of
perquisites, for the financial year exceeds Rs. 1,60,000 or Rs. 1,90,000 or Rs. 2,40,000, as the case may
be, depending upon the age and gender of the employee. (Some typical examples of computation of tax are
given at Annexure-I).
3.2 Payment of Tax on Non-monetary Perquisites by Employer - An option has been given to the employer
to pay the tax on non-monetary perquisites given to an employee. The employer may, at his option, make
payment of the tax on such perquisites himself without making any TDS from the salary of the employee.
The employer will have to pay such tax at the time when such tax was otherwise deductible i.e., at the time
of payment of income chargeable under the head ‘Salaries to the employee’.
3.3 Computation of Average Income-tax - For the purpose of making the payment of tax mentioned in para
3.2 above, tax is to be determined at the average of income-tax computed on the basis of rate in force for
the financial year, on the income chargeable under the head “Salaries”, including the value of perquisites
for which tax has been paid by the employer himself.
Illustration :
Suppose that the income chargeable under the head ‘salary’ of a male employee below sixty-five years of
age for the year inclusive of all perquisites is Rs. 4,50,000, out of which, Rs. 50,000 is on account of nonmonetary
perquisites and the employer opts to pay the tax on such perquisites as per the provisions
discussed in para 3.2 above.
Steps :
The tax so paid by the employer shall be deemed to be TDS made from the salary of the employee.
3.4 Salary From More Than One Employer - Sub-section (2) of section 192 deals with situations where an
individual is working under more than one employer or has changed from one employer to another. It
provides for deduction of tax at source by such employer (as the taxpayer may choose) from the aggregate
salary of the employee who is or has been in receipt of salary from more than one employer. The
employee is now required to furnish to the present/chosen employer details of the income under the head
“Salaries” due or received from the former/other employer and also tax deducted at source therefrom, in
writing and duly verified by him and by the former/other employer. The present/chosen employer will be
required to deduct tax at source on the aggregate amount of salary (including salary received from the
former or other employer).
3.5 Relief when Salary Paid in Arrear or Advance - Under sub-section (2A) of section 192 where the
assessee, being a Government servant or an employee in a company, co-operative society, local authority,
university, institution, association or body is entitled to the relief under sub-section (1) of section 89, he
may furnish to the person responsible for making the payment referred to in Para (3.4), such particulars in
Form No. 10E duly verified by him, and thereupon the person responsible as aforesaid shall compute the
relief on the basis of such particulars and take the same into account in making the deduction under Para
Income Chargeable under the head “Salaries” inclusive of all perquisites : Rs. 4,50,000
Tax on Total Salaries (including Cess) : Rs. 45,320
Average Rate of Tax [(45,320/4,50,000) × 100] : 10.07%
Tax payable on Rs. 50,000 (10.07% of 50,000) : Rs. 5,035
Amount required to be deposited each month : Rs. 420
(5,035/12)
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(3.1) above.
Explanation.—For this purpose “University” means a University established or incorporated by or under a
Central, State or Provincial Act, and includes an institution declared under section 3 of the University
Grants Commission Act, 1956 (3 of 1956), to be University for the purposes of the Act.
However with effect from 1-4-2010 (assessment year 2010-11) that no such relief shall be granted in
respect of any amount received or receivable by an assessee on his voluntary retirement or termination of
his service, in accordance with any scheme or schemes of voluntary retirement or in the case of a public
sector company referred to in sub-clause (i) of clause (10C) of section 10 (read with Rule 2BA), a scheme
of voluntary separation, if an exemption in respect of any amount received or receivable on such voluntary
retirement or termination of his service or voluntary separation has been claimed by the assessee under
clause (10C) of section 10 in respect of such, or any other, assessment year.
3.6 [Form 12C has been omitted by the IT(24th Amendment) Rules, 2003 w.e.f. 1-10-2003 - (i) Sub-section
(2B) of section 192 enables a taxpayer to furnish particulars of income under any head other than
“Salaries” and of any tax deducted at source thereon. Form No. 12C, which was earlier prescribed for
furnishing such particulars, has since been omitted from the Income-tax Rules. However, the particulars
may now be furnished in a simple statement, which is properly verified by the taxpayer in the same
manner as was required to be done in Form 12C.
(ii) Such income should not be a loss under any such head other than the loss under the head “Income from
House Property” for the same financial year. The person responsible for making payment (DDO) shall
take such other income and tax, if any, deducted at source from such income, and the loss, if any, under
the head “Income from House Property” into account for the purpose of computing tax deductible under
section 192 of the Income-tax Act. However, this sub-section shall not in any case have the effect of
reducing the tax deductible (except where the loss under the head “Income from House Property” has been
taken into account) from income under the head “Salaries” below the amount that would be so deductible
if the other income and the tax deducted thereon had not been taken into account. In other words, the DDO
can take into account any loss (negative income) only under the head “Income from House Property” and
no other head for working out the amount of total tax to be deducted. While taking into account the loss
from House Property, the DDO shall ensure that the assessee files the declaration referred to above and
encloses therewith a computation of such loss from House Property.
(iii) Sub-section (2C) lays down that a person responsible for paying any income chargeable under the
head “Salaries” shall furnish to the person to whom such payment is made a statement giving correct and
complete particulars of perquisites or profits in lieu of salary provided to him and the value thereof in
Form No. 12BA. (Annexure-II). Form No. 12BA along with Form No. 16, as issued by the employer, are
required to be produced on demand before the Assessing Officer in terms of section 139C of the Incometax
Act.
3.7 Conditions for Claim of Deduction of Interest on Borrowed Capital for Computation of Income from
House Property - (i) For the purpose of computing income/loss under the head ‘Income from House
Property’ in respect of a self-occupied residential house, a normal deduction of Rs. 30,000 is allowable in
respect of interest on borrowed capital. However, a deduction on account of interest up to a maximum
limit of Rs. 1,50,000 is available if such loan has been taken on or after 1-4-1999 for constructing or
acquiring the residential house and the construction or acquisition of the residential unit out of such loan
has been completed within three years from the end of the financial year in which capital was borrowed.
Such higher deduction is not allowable in respect of interest on capital borrowed for the purposes of
repairs or renovation of an existing resi-dential house. To claim the higher deduction in respect of interest
up to Rs. 1,50,000, the employee should furnish a certificate from the person to whom any interest is
payable on the capital borrowed, specifying the amount of interest payable by such employee for the
purpose of construction or acquisition of the residential house or for conversion of a part or whole of the
capital borrowed, which remains to be repaid as a new loan.
(ii) The essential conditions for availing higher deduction of interest of Rs. 1,50,000 in respect of a selfoccupied
residential house are that the amount of capital must have been borrowed on or after 1-4-1999
and the acquisition or construction of residential house must have been completed within three years from
the end of the financial year in which capital was borrowed. There is no stipulation regarding the date of
commencement of construction. Consequently, the construction of the residential house could have
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commenced before 1-4-1999 but, as long as its construction/acquisition is completed within three years,
from the end of the financial year in which capital was borrowed the higher deduction would be available
in respect of the capital borrowed after 1-4-1999. It may also be noted that there is no stipulation regarding
the construction/acquisition of the residential unit being entirely financed by capital borrowed on or after
1-4-1999. The loan taken prior to 1-4-1999 will carry deduction of interest up to Rs. 30,000 only.
However, in any case the total amount of deduction of interest on borrowed capital will not exceed Rs.
1,50,000 in a year.
3.8 Adjustment for Excess or Shortfall of Deduction - The provisions of sub-section (3) of section 192
allow the deductor to make adjustments for any excess or shortfall in the deduction of tax already made
during the financial year, in subsequent deductions for that employee within that financial year itself.
3.9 TDS on Payment of Balance Under Provident Fund and Superannuation Fund - The trustees of a
Recognized Provident Fund, or any person authorized by the regulations of the Fund to make payment of
accumulated balances due to employees, shall, in cases where sub-rule (1) of rule 9 of Part A of the Fourth
Schedule to the Act applies, at the time when the accumulated balance due to an employee is paid, make
there from the deduction specified in rule 10 of Part A of the Fourth Schedule.
3.10 Where any contribution made by an employer, including interest on such contributions, if any, in an
approved Superannuation Fund is paid to the employee, tax on the amount so paid shall be deducted by the
trustees of the Fund to the extent provided in rule 6 of Part B of the Fourth Schedule to the Act.
3.11 Salary Paid in Foreign Currency - For the purposes of deduction of tax on salary payable in foreign
currency, the value in rupees of such salary shall be calculated at the prescribed rate of exchange.
4. Persons responsible for deducting tax and their duties
4.1 Under clause (i) of section 204 of the Act the “persons responsible for paying” for the purpose of
section 192 means the employer himself or if the employer is a Company, the Company itself including
the Principal Officer thereof.
4.2 The tax determined as per para 6 should be deducted from the salary under section 192 of the Act.
4.3 Deduction of Tax at Lower Rate - Section 197 enables the taxpayer to make an application in Form No.
13 to his Assessing Officer, and, if the Assessing Officer is satisfied that the total income of the taxpayer
justifies the deduction of income-tax at any lower rate or no deduction of income tax, he may issue an
appropriate certificate to that effect which should be taken into account by the Drawing and Disbursing
Officer while deducting tax at source. In the absence of such a certificate furnished by the employee, the
employer should deduct income-tax on the salary payable at the normal rates : (Circular No. 147, dated 28-
10-1974.)
4.4 Deposit of Tax Deducted - According to the provisions of section 200, any person deducting any sum
in accordance with the provisions of section 192 or paying tax on non-monetary perquisites on behalf of
the employee under section 192(1A), shall pay the sum so deducted or tax so calculated on the said nonmonetary
perquisites, as the case may be, to the credit of the Central Government in prescribed manner
(vide Rule 30 of the Income-tax Rules, 1962). In the case of deductions made by, or, on behalf of the
Government, the payment has to be made on the day of the tax-deduction itself. In other cases, the
payment has to be made within one week from the last day of month in which deduction is made.
4.5 Interest, Penalty & Prosecution for Failure to Deposit Tax Deducted - If a person fails to deduct the
whole or any part of the tax at source, or, after deducting, fails to pay the whole or any part of the tax to
the credit of the Central Government within the prescribed time, he shall be liable to action in accordance
with the provisions of section 201. Sub-section (1A) of section 201 lays down that such person shall be
liable to pay simple interest at one per cent for every month or part of the month on the amount of such tax
from the date on which such tax was deductible to the date on which the tax is actually paid. Such interest,
if chargeable, has to be paid before furnishing of quarterly statement of TDS for each quarter. Section
271C lays down that if any person fails to deduct tax at source, he shall be liable to pay, by way of penalty,
a sum equal to the amount of tax not deducted by him. Further, section 276B lays down that if a person
fails to pay to the credit of the Central Government within the prescribed time the tax deducted at source
by him, he shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment for a term which shall be between 3 months
and 7 years, along with fine.
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4.6 Furnishing of Certificate for Tax Deducted - According to the provisions of section 203, every person
responsible for deducting tax at source is required to furnish a certificate to the payee to the effect that tax
has been deducted and to specify therein the amount deducted and certain other particulars. This
certificate, usually called the “TDS certificate” has to be furnished within a period of one month from the
end of the relevant financial year. Even the banks deducting tax at the time of payment of pension are
required to issue such certificates. In the case of employees receiving salary income (including pension),
the certificate has to be issued in Form No. 16. However, in the case of an employee who is resident in
India and whose income from salaries does not exceed Rs. 1,50,000, the certificate of deduction of tax
shall be issued in Form No. 16AA (Specimen Form 16AA enclosed as Annexure-III). It is, however,
clarified that there is no obligation to issue the TDS certificate (Form 16 or Form 16AA) in case tax at
source is not deductible/deducted by virtue of claims of exemptions and deductions. As per section 192,
the responsibility of providing correct and complete particulars of perquisites or profits in lieu of salary
given to an employee is placed on the person responsible for paying such income i.e., the person
responsible for deducting tax at source. The form and manner of such particulars are prescribed in rule
26A, Form 12BA, Form 16 and Form 16AA of the Income-tax Rules.
Information relating to the nature and value of perquisites is to be provided by the employer in Form No.
12BA in case of salary above Rs. 1,50,000. In other cases, the information would have to be provided by
the employer in Form 16 itself. In either case, Form 16 with Form 12BA or Form 16 by itself will have to
be furnished within a period of one month from the end of relevant financial year.
An employer, who has paid the tax on perquisites on behalf of the employee as per the provisions
discussed in paras 3.2 and 3.3, shall furnish to the employee concerned a certificate to the effect that tax
has been paid to the Central Government and specify the amount so paid, the rate at which tax has been
paid and certain other particulars in the amended Form 16.
The obligation cast on the employer under section 192(2C) for furnishing a statement showing the value of
perquisites provided to the employee is a serious responsibility of the employer, which is expected to be
discharged in accordance with law and rules of valuation framed thereunder. Any false information,
fabricated documentation or suppression of requisite information will entail consequences therefore
provided under the law. The certificates in Form No. 12BA and Form No. 16 are to be issued on taxdeductor’s
own stationery within one month from the close of the financial year i.e., by April 30 of every
year. If he fails to issue these certificates to the person concerned, as required by section 203, he will be
liable to pay, by way of penalty, under section 272A, a sum which shall be Rs. 100 for every day during
which the failure continues.
4.7 Option to issue TDS Certificates by way of digital signatures - Since the requirement of annexing the
TDS certificates with the return of income has been dispensed with, the TDS certificates will be now
issued only for the purpose of personal record of the deductees subject to the condition that they may be
required to produce the same on demand before the Assessing Officer in terms of section 139C, inserted
by the Finance Act, 2007. The TDS claim made in the return of income is also required to be matched with
the e-TDS returns furnished by the deductors. Assessing Officers may, if considered necessary, also write
to the deductors for verification of the correctness of the taxes deducted or other particulars mentioned in
the certificate. It has been decided for the proper administration of this Income-tax Act to allow the
deductors, at their option, in respect of the tax to be deducted at source from income chargeable under the
head ‘Salaries’ to use their digital signatures to authenticate the certificates of deduction of tax at source in
Form No. 16. The deductors will have to ensure that TDS certificates in Form No. 16 bearing digital
signatures have a control No. with log to be maintained by the employer (deductor). The deductor will
ensure that its TAN and the PAN of the employee are correctly mentioned in such Form No. 16 issued
with digital signatures. The deductors will also ensure that once the certificates are digitally signed, the
contents of the certificates are not amenable to change by anyone. The Income-tax authorities shall treat
such certificate with digital signatures as a certificate issued in accordance with rule 31 of the Income-tax
Rules, 1962. (Circular No.2/2007, dated 21-5-2007).
4.8 Mandatory Quoting of PAN and TAN - According to the provisions of section 203A of the Income-tax
Act, it is obligatory for all persons responsible for deducting tax at source to obtain and quote the taxdeduction
Account No. (TAN) in the challans, TDS- certificates, statements and other documents. Detailed
instructions in this regard are available in this Department’s Circular No. 497 (F. No. 275/118/87-IT(B),
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dated 9-10-1987). If a person fails to comply with the provisions of section 203A, he will be liable to pay,
by way of penalty, under section 272BB, a sum of ten thousand rupees. Similarly, as per section 139A
(5B), it is obligatory for persons deducting tax at source to quote PAN of the persons from whose incometax
has been deducted in the statement furnished under section 192(2C), certificates furnished under
section 203 and all returns prepared and delivered as per the provisions of section 200(3) of the Incometax
Act, 1961.
4.9 All tax deductors/collectors are required to file the TDS returns in Form No. 24Q (for tax deducted
from salaries). As the requirement of filing TDS/TCS certificates has been done away with, the lack of
PAN of deductees is creating difficulties in giving credit for the tax deducted. It has, therefore, been
decided that TDS returns for salaries, i.e., Form No. 24Q with less than 95% of PAN data will not be
accepted during financial year 2009-10. Tax deductors and tax collectors are, therefore, advised to quote
correct PAN details of all deductees in the TDS returns, failing which the TDS returns will not be accepted
and all penal consequences under the Income-tax Act will follow. Taxpayers liable to TDS are also
advised to furnish their correct PAN with their deductors, failing which they will also face penal
proceedings under the Income-tax Act.
4.10 Quarterly Statement of TDS - The person deducting the tax (employer in case of salary income), is
required to file Quarterly Statements of TDS for the periods ending on 30th June, 30th September, 31st
December and 31st March of each financial year, duly verified, to the Director General of Income-tax
(Systems) or M/s National Securities Depository Ltd. (NSDL). These statements are required to be filed on
or before the 15th July, the 15th October, the 15th January in respect of the first three quarters of the
financial year and on or before the 15th June following the last quarter of the financial year. The
requirement of filing an annual return of TDS has been done away with effect from 1-4-2006. The
quarterly statement for the last quarter filed in Form 24Q (as amended by Notification No. S.O. 704(E),
dated 12-5-2006) shall be treated as the annual return of TDS.
It is now mandatory for all offices of the Government, companies, deductors who are required to get their
accounts audited under section 44AB of the Income-tax Act or where the number of deductees’ records in
a quarterly statement for any quarter of the immediately preceding financial year is equal to or more than
fifty to file quarterly statements of TDS on computer media only in accordance with the Electronic Filing
of Returns of Tax Deducted at Source Scheme, 2003 as notified vide Notification No. S.O. 974(E), dated
26-8-2003. (Annexure-IV). The quarterly statements are to be filed by such deductors in electronic format
with the e-TDS Intermediary at any of the TIN Facilitation Centres, particulars of which are available at
www.incometaxindia.gov.in and at http://tin.nsdl.com. If a person fails to furnish the quarterly statements
in due time, he shall be liable to pay by way of penalty under section 272A(2)(k), a sum which shall be Rs.
100 for every day during which the failure continues. However, this sum shall not exceed the amount of
tax which was deductible at source.
The Quarterly Statements are be filed on computer media only in accordance with rule 31A of the Incometax
Rules, 1962. These Quarterly Statements compulsorily require quoting of the Tax Deduction Account
Number (TAN) of the tax-deductor and the Permanent Account Number (PAN) of the employees whose
tax has been deducted. Therefore, all Drawing and Disbursing Officers of the Central and State
Governments/ Departments, who have not yet obtained TAN, must immediately apply for and obtain
TAN. Similarly, all employees (including non-resident employees) from whose income, tax is to be
deducted may be advised to obtain PAN, if not already obtained, and to quote the same correctly, as
otherwise the credit for the tax deducted cannot be given. A penalty under section 272B of Rs. 10,000 has
been prescribed for wilfully intimating a false PAN.
4.11 A return filed on the prescribed computer readable media shall be deemed to be a return for the
purposes of section 200(3) and the Rules made thereunder, and shall be admissible in any proceeding
thereunder, without further proof of production of the original, as evidence of any contents of the original.
4.12 Challans for Deposit of TDS - While making the payment of tax deducted at source to the credit of
the Central Government, it may be ensured that the correct amount of income-tax is recorded in the
relevant challan. It may also be ensured that the right type of challan is used. The relevant challan for
making payment of tax deducted at source from salaries is challan No. ITNS-281. Wherever the amount of
tax deducted at source is credited to the Central Government through book adjustment, care should be
taken to ensure that the correct amount of income-tax is reflected therein.
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4.13 TDS on Income from Pension - In the case of pensioners who receive their pension from a
nationalized bank, the instructions contained in this circular shall apply in the same manner as they apply
to salary-income. The deductions from the amount of pension under section 80C on account of
contribution to Life Insurance, Provident Fund, NSC etc., if the pensioners furnish the relevant details to
the banks, may be allowed. Necessary instructions in this regard were issued by the Reserve Bank of India
to the State Bank of India and other nationalized Banks vide RBI’s Pension Circular (Central Series) No.
7/CDR/1992 (Ref. CO: DGBA: GA (NBS) No. 60/GA.64(11CVL)-/92) dated the 27th April, 1992, and,
these instructions should be followed by all the branches of the Banks, which have been entrusted with the
task of payment of pensions. Further all branches of the banks are bound under section 203 to issue
certificate of tax deducted in Form 16 to the pensioners also vide CBDT Circular No. 761, dated 13-1-
1998.
New Pension Scheme
The New Pension Scheme (NPS) has become operational since 1st January, 2004 and is mandatory for all
new recruits to the Central Government Services from 1st January, 2004. Since then it has been opened to
employees of State Governments, Private Sector and Self Employed (both organized and unorganized).
The income received by the NPS trust is exempt. The NPS trust is exempted from the Dividend
Distribution Tax and is also exempt from the Securities Transaction Tax on all purchases and sales of
equities and derivatives. The NPS trust will also receive income without tax deduction at source. The
above amendments are retrospectively effective from 1-4-2009 (assessment year 2009-10) onwards.
4.14 Important Circulars - Where Non-Residents are deputed to work in India and taxes are borne by the
employer, if any refund becomes due to the employee after he has already left India and has no bank
account in India by the time the assessment orders are passed, the refund can be issued to the employer as
the tax has been borne by it: Circular No. 707, dated 11-7-1995.
4.15 TDS certificates issued by Central Government departments which are making payments by book
adjustment, should be accepted by the Assessing Officers if they indicate that credit has been effected to
the Income-tax Department by book adjustment and the date of such adjustment is given therein. In such
cases, the Assessing Officers may not insist on details like challan numbers, dates of payment into
Government Account etc., but they should in any case satisfy themselves regarding the genuineness of the
certificates produced before them : Circular No. 747, dated 27-12-1996.
4.16 There is a specific procedure laid down for refund of payments made by the deductor in excess of
taxes deducted at source, vide Circular No. 285, dated 21-10-1980.
4.17 In respect of non-residents, the salary paid for services rendered in India shall be regarded as income
earned in India. It has been specifically provided in the Act that any salary payable for rest period or leave
period which is both preceded or succeeded by service in India and forms part of the service contract of
employment will also be regarded as income earned in India.
5. Estimation of income under the head “Salaries”
5.1 Income chargeable under the head “Salaries”. - (1) The following income shall be chargeable to
income-tax under the head “Salaries” :—
(a) any salary due from an employer or a former employer to an assessee in the previous year, whether
paid or not;
(b) any salary paid or allowed to him in the previous year by or on behalf of an employer or a former
employer though not due or before it became due to him.
(c) any arrears of salary paid or allowed to him in the previous year by or on behalf of an employer or a
former employer, if not charged to income-tax for any earlier previous year.
(2) For the removal of doubts, it is clarified that where any salary paid in advance is included in the total
income of any person for any previous year it shall not be included again in the total income of the person
when the salary becomes due. Any salary, bonus, commission or remuneration, by whatever name called,
due to, or received by, a partner of a firm from the firm shall not be regarded as “Salary”.
Definition of Salary - (3) “Salary” includes wages, fees, commissions, perquisites, profits in lieu of, or, in
addition to salary, advance of salary, annuity or pension, gratuity, payments in respect of encashment of
leave etc. It also includes the annual accretion to the employee’s account in a recognized provident fund to
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the extent it is chargeable to tax under rule 6 of Part A of the Fourth Schedule of the Income- tax Act.
Contributions made by the employer to the account of the employee in a recognized provident fund in
excess of 12 per cent of the salary of the employee, along with interest applicable, shall be included in the
income of the assessee for the previous year. Any contribution made by the Central Government or any
other employer to the account of the employee under the New Pension Scheme as notified vide
Notification No. F. No. 5/7/2003-ECB&PR, dated 22-12-2003(enclosed as Annexure-IVA) referred to in
section 80CCD [para 5.4(C) of this Circular] shall also be included in the salary income. Other items
included in salary, profits in lieu of salary and perquisites are described in section 17 of the Income-tax
Act. It may be noted that, since salary includes pensions, tax at source would have to be deducted from
pension also, if otherwise called for. However, no tax is required to be deducted from the commuted
portion of pension which is exempt, as explained in clause (3) of para 5.2 of this Circular.
(4) Section 17 defines the terms “salary”, “perquisite” and “profits in lieu of salary”.
Perquisite includes :—
(a) The value of rent free accommodation provided to the employee by his employer;
(b) The value of any concession in the matter of rent in respect of any accommodation provided to the
employee by his employer;
(c) The value of any benefit or amenity granted or provided free of cost or at concessional rate in any of
the following cases :—
(i) By a company to an employee who is a director of such company;
(ii) By a company to an employee who has a substantial interest in the company;
(iii) By an employer (including a company) to an employee, who is not covered by (i) or (ii) above
and whose income under the head ‘Salaries’ (whether due from or paid or allowed by one or
more employers), exclusive of the value of all benefits and amenities not provided by way of
monetary payment, exceeds Rs. 50,000.
What constitute concession in the matter of rent have been prescribed in Explanations 1 to 4 below section
17(2)(ii) of the Income-tax Act, 1961.
With effect from 1-4-2010 (assessment year 2010-11) it is further clarified that the value of any specified
security or sweat equity shares allotted or transferred, directly or indirectly, by the employer, or former
employer, free of cost or at concessional rate to the assessee, shall be constituted as perquisites in the hand
of employees.
Explanation.—For the purposes of this sub-clause,—
(a) “specified security” means the securities as defined in clause (h) of section 2 of the Securities
Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956 (42 of 1956) and, where employees’ stock option has been granted
under any plan or scheme therefore, includes the securities offered under such plan or scheme;
(b) “sweat equity shares” means equity shares issued by a company to its employees or directors at a
discount or for consideration other than cash for providing know-how or making available rights in
the nature of intellectual property rights or value additions, by whatever name called;
(c) the value of any specified security or sweat equity shares shall be the fair market value of the
specified security or sweat equity shares, as the case may be, on the date on which the option is
exercised by the assessee as reduced by the amount actually paid by, or recovered from the assessee
in respect of such security or shares;
(d) “fair market value” means the value determined in accordance with the method as may be prescribed;
(e) “option” means a right but not an obligation granted to an employee to apply for the specified
security or sweat equity shares at a predetermined price;
The amount of any contribution to an approved superannuation fund by the employer in respect of the
assessee, to the extent it exceeds one lakh rupees; and
The value of any other fringe benefit or amenity as may be prescribed.
It is further provided that ‘profits in lieu of salary’ shall include amounts received in lump sum or
otherwise, prior to employment or after cessation of employment for the purposes of taxation.
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The rules for valuation of perquisite are as under : —
I. Accommodation - For purpose of valuation of the perquisite of unfurnished accommodation, all
employees are divided into two categories : (i) Central Government & State Government employees; and
(ii) Others.
For employees of the Central and State Governments the value of perquisite shall be equal to the licence
fee charged for such accommodation as reduced by the rent actually paid by the employee.
For all others, i.e., those salaried taxpayers not in employment of the Central Government and the State
Government, the valuation of perquisite in respect of accommodation would be at prescribed rates, as
discussed below :—
(a) Where the accommodation provided to the employee is owned by the employer, the rate is 15 per
cent of ‘salary’ in cities having population exceeding 25 lakhs as per the 2001 census. The rate is 10
per cent of salary in cities having population exceeding 10 lakhs but not exceeding 25 lakhs as per
2001 Census. For other places, the perquisite value would be 7½ per cent of the salary.
(b) Where the accommodation so provided is taken on lease/rent by the employer, the prescribed rate is
15 per cent of the salary or the actual amount of lease rental payable by the employer, whichever is
lower, as reduced by any amount of rent paid by the employee.
For furnished accommodation, the value of perquisite as determined by the above method shall be
increased by—
(i) 10 per cent of the cost of furniture, appliances and equipments, or
(ii) where the furniture, appliances and equipments have been taken on hire, by the amount of actual hire
charges payable.
- as reduced by any charges paid by the employee himself.
“Accommodation” includes a house, flat, farm house, hotel accommodation, motel, service apartment
guest house, a caravan, mobile home, ship etc. However, the value of any accommodation provided to an
employee working at a mining site or an on-shore oil exploration site or a project execution site or a dam
site or a power generation site or an off-shore site will not be treated as a perquisite. However, such
accommodation should either be located in a ‘remote area’ or where it is not located in a ‘remote area’, the
accommodation should be of a temporary nature having plinth area of not more than 800 square feet and
should not be located within 8 kilometers of the local limits of any municipality or cantonment board. A
project execution site for the purposes of this sub-rule means a site of project up to the stage of its
commissioning. A “remote area” means an area located at least 40 kilometers away from a town having a
population not exceeding 20,000 as per the latest published all-India census.
If an accommodation is provided by an employer in a hotel the value of the benefit in such a case shall be
24 per cent of the annual salary or the actual charges paid or payable to such hotel, whichever is lower, for
the period during which such accommodation is provided as reduced by any rent actually paid or payable
by the employee. However, where in cases the employee is provided such accommodation for a period not
exceeding in aggregate fifteen days on transfer from one place to another, no perquisite value for such
accommodation provided in a hotel shall be charged. It may be clarified that while services provided as an
integral part of the accommodation, need not be valued separately as perquisite, any other services over
and above that for which the employer makes payment or reimburses the employee shall be valued as a
perquisite as per the residual clause. In other words, composite tariff for accommodation will be valued as
per these Rules and any other charges for other facilities provided by the hotel will be separately valued
under the residual clause. Also, if on account of an employee’s transfer from one place to another, the
employee is provided with accommodation at the new place of posting while retaining the accommodation
at the other place, the value of perquisite shall be determined with reference to only one such
accommodation which has the lower value as per the table prescribed in rule 3 of the Income-tax Rules,
for a period up to 90 days. However, after that the value of perquisite shall be charged for both
accommodations as prescribed.
II. Personal attendants etc. - The value of free service of all personal attendants including a sweeper,
gardener and a watchman is to be taken at actual cost to the employer. Where the attendant is provided at
the residence of the employee, full cost will be taxed as perquisite in the hands of the employee
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irrespective of the degree of personal service rendered to him. Any amount paid by the employee for such
facilities or services shall be reduced from the above amount.
III. Gas, electricity & water - For free supply of gas, electricity and water for household consumption, the
rules provide that the amount paid by the employer to the agency supplying the amenity shall be the value
of perquisite. Where the supply is made from the employer’s own resources, the manufacturing cost per
unit incurred by the employer would be taken for the valuation of perquisite. Any amount paid by the
employee for such facilities or services shall be reduced from the above amount.
IV. Free or concessional education - Perquisite on account of free or concessional education shall be
valued in a manner assuming that such expenses are borne by the employee, and would cover cases where
an employer is running, maintaining or directly or indirectly financing the educational institution. Any
amount paid by the employee for such facilities or services shall be reduced from the above amount.
However, where such educational institution itself is maintained and owned by the employer or where
such free educational facilities are provided in any institution by reason of his being in employment of that
employer, the value of the perquisite to the employee shall be determined with reference to the cost of
such education in a similar institution in or near the locality if the cost of such education or such benefit
per child exceeds Rs. 1000 p.m.
V. Interest free or concessional loans - It is common practice, particularly in financial institutions, to
provide interest free or concessional loans to employees or any member of his household. The value of
perquisite arising from such loans would be the excess of interest payable at prescribed interest rate over
interest, if any, actually paid by the employee or any member of his household. The prescribed interest rate
would now be the rate charged per annum by the State Bank of India as on the 1st day of the relevant
financial year in respect of loans of same type and for the same purpose advanced by it to the general
public. Perquisite value would be calculated on the basis of the maximum outstanding monthly balance
method. For valuing perquisites under this rule, any other method of calculation and adjustment otherwise
adopted by the employer shall not be relevant.
However, small loans up to Rs. 20,000 in the aggregate are exempt. Loans for medical treatment specified
in rule 3A are also exempt, provided the amount of loan for medical reimbursement is not reimbursed
under any medical insurance scheme. Where any medical insurance reimbursement is received, the
perquisite value at the prescribed rate shall be charged from the date of reimbursement on the amount
reimbursed, but not repaid against the outstanding loan taken specifically for this purpose.
VI. Use of assets - It is common practice for an asset owned by the employer to be used by the employee
or any member of his household. This perquisite is to be charged at the rate of 10% of the original cost of
the asset as reduced by any charges recovered from the employee for such use. However, the use of
Computers and Laptops would not give rise to any perquisite.
VII. Transfer of assets - Often an employee or member of his household benefits from the transfer of
movable asset (not being shares or securities) at no cost or at a cost less than its market value from the
employer. The difference between the original cost of the movable asset (not being shares or securities)
and the sum, if any, paid by the employee, shall be taken as the value of perquisite. In case of a movable
asset, which has already been put to use, the original cost shall be reduced by a sum of 10 per cent of such
original cost for every completed year of use of the asset. Owing to a higher degree of obsolescence, in
case of computers and electronic gadgets, however, the value of perquisite shall be worked out by
reducing 50 per cent of the actual cost by the reducing balance method for each completed year of use.
Electronic gadgets in this case means data storage and handling devices like computer, digital diaries and
printers. They do not include household appliance (i.e., white goods) like washing machines, microwave
ovens, mixers, hot plates, ovens etc. Similarly, in case of cars, the value of perquisite shall be worked out
by reducing 20% of its actual cost by the reducing balance method for each completed year of use.
VIII. Medical Reimbursement by the employer exceeding Rs. 15,000 p.a. under section 17(2)(v) is to be
taken as perquisites - It is further clarified that the rule position regarding valuation of perquisites are
given at section 17(2) of Income-tax Act, 1961 and at rule 3 of Income-tax Rules, 1962. The deductors
may look into the above provisions carefully before they determine the perquisite value for deduction
purposes.
It is pertinent to mention that benefits specifically exempt under sections 10(13A), 10(5), 10(14), 17 etc.,
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would continue to be exempt. These include benefits like travel on tour and transfer, leave travel, daily
allowance to meet tour expenses as prescribed, medical facilities subject to conditions.
5.2 Incomes not included in the head “Salaries” (Exemptions) - Any income falling within any of the
following clauses shall not be included in computing the income from salaries for the purpose of section
192 of the Act :—
(1) The value of any travel concession or assistance received by or due to an employee from his employer
or former employer for himself and his family, in connection with his proceeding (a) on leave to any place
in India or (b) on retirement from service, or, after termination of service to any place in India is exempt
under clause (5) of section 10 subject, however, to the conditions prescribed in rule 2B of the Income-tax
Rules, 1962.
For the purpose of this clause, “family” in relation to an individual means :—
(i) The spouse and children of the individual; and
(ii) the parents, brothers and sisters of the individual or any of them, wholly or mainly dependent on the
individual.
It may also be noted that the amount exempt under this clause shall in no case exceed the amount of
expenses actually incurred for the purpose of such travel.
(2) Death-cum-retirement gratuity or any other gratuity which is exempt to the extent specified from
inclusion in computing the total income under clause (10) of section 10. Any death-cum-retirement
gratuity received under the revised Pension Rules of the Central Government or, as the case may be, the
Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 1972, or under any similar scheme applicable to the members of
the civil services of the Union or holders of posts connected with defence or of civil posts under the Union
(such members or holders being persons not governed by the said Rules) or to the members of the all-India
services or to the members of the civil services of a State or holders of civil posts under a State or to the
employees of a local authority or any payment of retiring gratuity received under the Pension Code or
Regulations applicable to the members of the defence service.
Gratuity received in cases other than above on retirement, termination etc. is exempt up to the limit as
prescribed by the Board.
(3) Any payment in commutation of pension received under the Civil Pension (Commutation) Rules of the
Central Government or under any similar scheme applicable to the members of the civil services of the
Union, or holders of civil posts/posts connected with defence, under the Union, or civil posts under a State,
or to the members of the All India Services/Defence Services, or, to the employees of a local authority or a
corporation established by a Central, State or Provincial Act, is exempt under sub-clause (i) of clause
(10A) of section 10. As regards payments in commutation of pension received under any scheme of any
other employer, exemption will be governed by the provisions of sub-clause (ii) of clause (10A) of section
10. Also, any payment in commutation of pension received from a Regimental Fund or Non-Public Fund
established by the Armed Forces of the Union referred to in section 10(23AAB) is exempt under sub-clause
(iii) of clause (10A) of section 10.
(4) Any payment received by an employee of the Central Government or a State Government, as cashequivalent
of the leave salary in respect of the period of earned leave at his credit at the time of his
retirement, whether on superannuation or otherwise, is exempt under sub-clause (i) of clause (10AA) of
section 10. In the case of other employees, this exemption will be determined with reference to the leave to
their credit at the time of retirement on superannuation, or otherwise, subject to a maximum of ten months’
leave. This exemption will be further limited to the maximum amount specified by the Government of
India Notification No. S.O. 588(E), dated 31-5-2002 at Rs. 3,00,000 in relation to such employees who
retire, whether on superannuation or otherwise, after 1-4-1998.
(5) Under section 10(10B), the retrenchment compensation received by a workman is exempt from
income-tax subject to certain limits. The maximum amount of retrenchment compensation exempt is the
sum calculated on the basis provided in section 25F(b) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 or any amount
not less than Rs. 50,000 as the Central Government may by notification specify in the Official Gazette,
whichever is less. These limits shall not apply in the case where the compensation is paid under any
scheme which is approved in this behalf by the Central Government, having regard to the need for
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extending special protection to the workmen in the undertaking to which the scheme applies and other
relevant circumstances. The maximum limit of such payment is Rs. 5,00,000 where retrenchment is on or
after 1-1-1997.
(6) Under section 10(10C), any payment received or receivable (even if received in instalments) by an
employee of the following bodies at the time of his voluntary retirement or termination of his service, in
accordance with any scheme or schemes of voluntary retirement or in the case of public sector company, a
scheme of voluntary separation, is exempted from income-tax to the extent that such amount does not
exceed five lakh rupees :
(a) A public sector company;
(b) Any other company;
(c) An Authority established under a Central, State or Provincial Act;
(d) A Local Authority;
(e) A Cooperative Society;
(f) A university established or incorporated or under a Central, State or Provincial Act, or, an Institution
declared to be a University under section 3 of the University Grants Commission Act, 1956;
(g) Any Indian Institute of Technology within the meaning of clause (g) of section 3 of the Institute of
Technology Act, 1961;
(h) Such Institute of Management as the Central Government may by notification in the Official Gazette,
specify in this behalf.
The exemption of amount received under VRS has been extended to employees of the Central Government
and State Government and employees of notified institutions having importance throughout India or any
State or States. It may also be noted that where this exemption has been allowed to any employee for any
assessment year, it shall not be allowed to him for any other assessment year.
(7) Any sum received under a Life Insurance Policy, including the sum allocated by way of bonus on such
policy other than:
(i) any sum received under sub-section (3) of section 80DD or sub-section (3) of section 80DDA, or
(ii) any sum received under Keyman Insurance Policy, or
(iii) any sum received under an insurance policy issued on or after 1-4-2003 in respect of which the
premium payable for any of the years during the term of the policy exceeds 20 per cent of the actual
capital sum assured. However, any sum received under such policy on the death of a person would
still be exempt.
(8) any payment from a Provident Fund to which the Provident Funds Act, 1925 (19 of 1925), applies or
from any other provident fund set up by the Central Government and notified by it in this behalf in the
Official Gazette.
(9) Under section 10(13A) of the Income-tax Act, 1961, any special allowance specifically granted to an
assessee by his employer to meet expenditure incurred on payment of rent (by whatever name called) in
respect of residential accommodation occupied by the assessee is exempt from income-tax to the extent as
may be prescribed, having regard to the area or place in which such accommodation is situated and other
relevant considerations. According to rule 2A of the Income-tax Rules, 1962, the quantum of exemption
allowable on account of grant of special allowance to meet expenditure on payment of rent shall be :
(a) The actual amount of such allowance received by an employer in respect of the relevant period; or
(b) The actual expenditure incurred in payment of rent in excess of 1/10 of the salary due for the relevant
period; or
(c) Where such accommodation is situated in Bombay, Calcutta, Delhi or Madras, 50 per cent of the
salary due to the employee for the relevant period; or
(d) Where such accommodation is situated in any other place, 40 per cent of the salary due to the
employee for the relevant period,
whichever is the least.
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For this purpose, “Salary” includes dearness allowance, if the terms of employment so provide, but
excludes all other allowances and perquisites.
It has to be noted that only the expenditure actually incurred on payment of rent in respect of residential
accommodation occupied by the assessee subject to the limits laid down in Rule 2A, qualifies for
exemption from income-tax. Thus, house rent allowance granted to an employee who is residing in a
house/flat owned by him is not exempt from income-tax. The disbursing authorities should satisfy
themselves in this regard by insisting on production of evidence of actual payment of rent before
excluding the House Rent Allowance or any portion thereof from the total income of the employee.
Though incurring actual expenditure on payment of rent is a pre-requisite for claiming deduction under
section 10(13A), it has been decided as an administrative measure that salaried employees drawing house
rent allowance up to Rs. 3,000 per month will be exempted from production of rent receipt. It may,
however, be noted that this concession is only for the purpose of tax-deduction at source, and, in the
regular assessment of the employee, the Assessing Officer will be free to make such enquiry as he deems
fit for the purpose of satisfying himself that the employee has incurred actual expenditure on payment of
rent.
(10) Clause (14) of section 10 provides for exemption of the following allowances :—
(i) Any special allowance or benefit granted to an employee to meet the expenses incurred in the
performance of his duties as prescribed under Rule 2BB subject to the extent to which such expenses
are actually incurred for that purpose.
(ii) Any allowance granted to an employee either to meet his personal expenses at the place of his
posting or at the place he ordinarily resides or to compensate him for the increased cost of living,
which may be prescribed and to the extent as may be prescribed.
However, the allowance referred to in (ii) above should not be in the nature of a personal allowance
granted to the assessee to remunerate or compensate him for performing duties of a special nature relating
to his office or employment unless such allowance is related to his place of posting or residence.
The CBDT has prescribed guidelines for the purpose of sub-clauses (i) and (ii) of section 10(14) vide
Notification No. SO 617(E), dated 7th July, 1995 (F. No. 142/9/95-TPL) which has been amended vide
Notification SO No. 403(E), dated 24-4-2000 (F. No. 142/34/99-TPL). The transport allowance granted to
an employee to meet his expenditure for the purpose of commuting between the place of his residence and
the place of duty is exempt to the extent of Rs. 800 per month vide Notification S.O. No. 395(E), dated 13-
5-1998.
(11) Under section 10(15)(iv)(i) of the Income-tax Act, interest payable by the Government on deposits
made by an employee of the Central Government or a State Government or a public sector company out of
his retirement benefits, in accordance with such scheme framed in this behalf by the Central Government
and notified in the Official Gazette is exempt from income-tax. By Notification No. F.2/14/89-NS-II,
dated 7-6-1989, as amended by Notification No. F.2/14/89-NS-II, dated 12-10-1989, the Central
Government has notified a scheme called Deposit Scheme for Retiring Government Employees, 1989 for
the purpose of the said clause.
(12) Any scholarship granted to meet the cost of education is not to be included in total income as per
clause (16) of section 10 of Income-tax Act.
(13) Clause (18) of section 10 provides for exemption of any income by way of pension received by an
individual who has been in the service of the Central Government or State Government and has been
awarded “Param Vir Chakra” or “Maha Vir Chakra” or “Vir Chakra” or such other gallantry award as may
be specifically notified by the Central Government or family pension received by any member of the
family of such individual. “Family” for this purpose shall have the meaning assigned to it in section 10(5)
of the Act. Such notification has been made vide Notification Nos. S.O.1948(E), dated 24-11-2000 and 81
(E), dated 29-1-2001, which are enclosed as per Annexures VA & VB.
(14) Under section 17 of the Act, exemption from tax will also be available in respect of:—
(a) the value of any medical treatment provided to an employee or any member of his family, in any
hospital maintained by the employer;
(b) any sum paid by the employer in respect of any expenditure actually incurred by the employee on his
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medical treatment or of any member of his family:
(i) in any hospital maintained by the Government or any local authority or any other hospital
approved by the Government for the purposes of medical treatment of its employees;
(ii) in respect of the prescribed diseases or ailments as provided in Rule 3A(2) of Income-tax Rules,
1962, in any hospital approved by the Chief Commissioner having regard to the prescribed
guidelines as provided in Rule 3A(1) of Income-tax Rules, 1962 :
(c) premium paid by the employer in respect of medical insurance taken for his employees (under any
scheme approved by the Central Government or Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority)
or reimbursement of insurance premium to the employees who take medical insurance for themselves
or for their family members (under any scheme approved by the Central Government or Insurance
Regulatory and Development Authority);
(d) reimbursement, by the employer, of the amount spent by an employee in obtaining medical treatment
for himself or any member of his family from any doctor, not exceeding in the aggregate Rs. 15,000
in an year.
(e) As regards medical treatment abroad, the actual expenditure on stay and treatment abroad of the
employee or any member of his family, or, on stay abroad of one attendant who accompanies the
patient, in connection with such treatment, will be excluded from perquisites to the extent permitted
by the Reserve Bank of India. It may be noted that the expenditure incurred on travel abroad by the
patient/attendant, shall be excluded from perquisites only if the employee’s gross total income, as
computed before including the said expenditure, does not exceed Rs. 2 lakhs.
For the purpose of availing exemption on expenditure incurred on medical treatment, “hospital” includes a
dispensary or clinic or nursing home, and “family” in relation to an individual means the spouse and
children of the individual. Family also includes parents, brothers and sisters of the individual if they are
wholly or mainly dependent on the individual.
Deductions under section 16 of the Act
5.3 Entertainment Allowance - A deduction is also allowed under clause (ii) of section 16 in respect of any
allowance in the nature of an entertainment allowance specifically granted by an employer to the assessee,
who is in receipt of a salary from the Government, a sum equal to one-fifth of his salary (exclusive of any
allowance, benefit or other perquisite) or five thousand rupees whichever is less. No deduction on account
of entertainment allowance is available to non-Government employees.
Tax on Employment:
The tax on employment (Professional Tax) within the meaning of clause (2) of Article 276 of the
Constitution of India, leviable by or under any law, shall also be allowed as a deduction in computing the
income under the head “Salaries”.
It may be clarified that “Standard Deduction” from gross salary income, which was being allowed up to
financial year 2004-05 is not allowable from financial year 2005-06 onwards.
5.4 Deductions under Chapter VI-A of the Act - In computing the taxable income of the employee, the
following deductions under Chapter VI-A of the Act are to be allowed from his gross total income :
A. As per section 80C, an employee will be entitled to deductions for the whole of amounts paid or
deposited in the current financial year in the following schemes, subject to a limit of Rs. 1,00,000 :
(1) Payment of insurance premium to effect or to keep in force an insurance on the life of the individual,
the spouse or any child of the individual.
(2) Any payment made to effect or to keep in force a contract for a deferred annuity, not being an annuity
plan as is referred to in item (7) herein below on the life of the individual, the spouse or any child of the
individual, provided that such contract does not contain a provision for the exercise by the insured of an
option to receive a cash payment in lieu of the payment of the annuity;
(3) Any sum deducted from the salary payable by, or, on behalf of the Government to any individual,
being a sum deducted in accordance with the conditions of his service for the purpose of securing to him a
deferred annuity or making provision for his spouse or children, insofar as the sum deducted does not
exceed 1/5th of the salary;
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(4) Any contribution made :
(a) by an individual to any Provident Fund to which the Provident Fund Act, 1925 applies;
(b) to any provident fund set up by the Central Government, and notified by it in this behalf in the
Official Gazette, where such contribution is to an account standing in the name of an individual, or
spouse or children ;
[The Central Government has since notified Public Provident Fund vide Notification No. S.O. 1559
(E), dated 3-11-2005.]
(c) by an employee to a Recognized Provident Fund;
(d) by an employee to an approved superannuation fund;
It may be noted that “contribution” to any Fund shall not include any sums in repayment of loan;
(5) Any subscription :—
(a) to any such security of the Central Government or any such deposit scheme as the Central
Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, specify in this behalf;
(b) to any such saving certificates as defined under section 2(c) of the Government Saving Certificate
Act, 1959 as the Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, specify in this behalf.
[The Central Government has since notified National Saving Certi-ficate (VIIIth Issue) vide Notification
No. S.O. 1560(E), dated 3-11-2005.]
(6) Any sum paid as contribution in the case of an individual, for himself, spouse or any child,
(a) for participation in the Unit Linked Insurance Plan, 1971 of the Unit Trust of India;
(b) for participation in any unit-linked insurance plan of the LIC Mutual Fund referred to in clause (23D)
of section 10 and as notified by the Central Government.
[The Central Government has since notified Unit Linked Insurance Plan (formerly known as Dhanraksha,
1989) of LIC Mutual Fund vide Notification No. S.O. 1561(E), dated 3-11-2005.]
(7) Any subscription made to effect or keep in force a contract for such annuity plan of the Life Insurance
Corporation or any other insurer as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette,
specify;
[The Central Government has since notified New Jeevan Dhara, New Jeevan Dhara-I, New Jeevan
Akshay, New Jeevan Akshay-I and New Jeevan Akshay-II vide Notification No. S.O. 1562(E), dated 3-11-
2005 and Jeevan Akshay-III vide Notification No. S.O. 847(E), dated 1-6-2006]
(8) Any subscription made to any units of any Mutual Fund, referred to in clause (23D) of section 10, or
from the Administrator or the specified company referred to in Unit Trust of India (Transfer of
Undertaking & Repeal) Act, 2002 under any plan formulated in accordance with any scheme as the
Central Government, may, by notification in the Official Gazette, specify in this behalf;
[The Central Government has since notified the Equity Linked Saving Scheme, 2005 for this purpose vide
Notification No. S.O. 1563(E), dated 3-11-2005]
The investments made after 1-4-2006 in plans formulated in accordance with Equity Linked Saving
Scheme, 1992 or
Equity Linked Saving Scheme, 1998 shall also qualify for deduction under section 80C.
(9) Any contribution made by an individual to any pension fund set up by any Mutual Fund referred to in
clause (23D) of section 10, or, by the Administrator or the specified company referred to in Unit Trust of
India (Transfer of Undertaking & Repeal) Act, 2002, as the Central Government may, by notification in
the Official Gazette, specify in this behalf;
[The Central Government has since notified UTI-Retirement Benefit Pension Fund vide Notification No.
S.O. 1564(E), dated 3-11-2005.]
(10) Any subscription made to any such deposit scheme of, or, any contribution made to any such pension
fund set up by, the National Housing Bank, as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official
Gazette, specify in this behalf;
(11) Any subscription made to any such deposit scheme, as the Central Government may, by notification
2/2/2010
in the Official Gazette, specify for the purpose of being floated by (a) public sector companies engaged in
providing long-term finance for construction or purchase of houses in India for residential purposes, or, (b)
any authority constituted in India by, or, under any law, enacted either for the purpose of dealing with and
satisfying the need for housing accommodation or for the purpose of planning, development or
improvement of cities, towns and villages, or for both.
[The Central Government has since notified the Public Deposit Scheme of HUDCO vide Notification No.
S.O. 37(E), dated 11-1-2007, for the purposes of section 80C(2)(xvi)(a)].
(12) Any sums paid by an assessee for the purpose of purchase or construction of a residential house
property, the income from which is chargeable to tax under the head “Income from house property” (or
which would, if it has not been used for assessee’s own residence, have been chargeable to tax under that
head) where such payments are made towards or by way of any instalment or part payment of the amount
due under any self-financing or other scheme of any Development Authority, Housing Board etc.
The deduction will also be allowable in respect of re-payment of loans borrowed by an assessee from the
Government, or any bank or Life Insurance Corporation, or National Housing Bank, or certain other
categories of institutions engaged in the business of providing long-term finance for construction or
purchase of houses in India. Any repayment of loan borrowed from the employer will also be covered, if
the employer happens to be a public company, or a public sector company, or a university established by
law, or a college affiliated to such university, or a local authority, or a cooperative society, or an authority,
or a board, or a corporation, or any other body established under a Central or State Act.
The stamp duty, registration fee and other expenses incurred for the purpose of transfer shall also be
covered. Payment towards the cost of house property, however, will not include, admission fee or cost of
share or initial deposit or the cost of any addition or alteration to, or, renovation or repair of the house
property which is carried out after the issue of the completion certificate by competent authority, or after
the occupation of the house by the assessee or after it has been let out. Payments towards any expenditure
in respect of which the deduction is allowable under the provisions of section 24 of the Income-tax Act
will also not be included in payments towards the cost of purchase or construction of a house property.
Where the house property in respect of which deduction has been allowed under these provisions is
transferred by the taxpayer at any time before the expiry of five years from the end of the financial year in
which possession of such property is obtained by him or he receives back, by way of refund or otherwise,
any sum specified in section 80C(2)(xviii), no deduction under these provisions shall be allowed in respect
of such sums paid in such previous year in which the transfer is made and the aggregate amount of
deductions of income so allowed in the earlier years shall be added to the total income of the assessee of
such previous year and shall be liable to tax accordingly.
(13) Tuition fees, whether at the time of admission or thereafter, paid to any university, college, school or
other educational institution situated in India, for the purpose of full-time education of any two children of
the employee.
Full-time education includes any educational course offered by any university, college, school or other
educational institution to a student who is enrolled full-time for the said course. It is also clarified that fulltime
education includes play-school activities, pre-nursery and nursery classes.
It is clarified that the amount allowable as tuition fees shall include any payment of fee to any university,
college, school or other educational institution in India except the amount representing payment in the
nature of development fees or donation or capitation fees or payment of similar nature.
(14) Subscription to equity shares or debentures forming part of any eligible issue of capital made by a
public company, which is approved by the Board or by any public finance institution.
(15) Subscription to any units of any mutual fund referred to in clause (23D) of section 10 and approved
by the Board, if the amount of subscription to such units is subscribed only in eligible issue of capital of
any company.
(16) Investment as a term deposit for a fixed period of not less than five years with a scheduled bank,
which is in accordance with a scheme framed and notified by the Central Government, in the Official
Gazette for these purposes.
[The Central Government has since notified the Bank Term Deposit Scheme, 2006 for this purpose vide
2/2/2010
Notification No. S.O. 1220(E), dated 28-7-2006]
(17) Subscription to such bonds issued by the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development, as
the Central Government may, by such notification in the Official Gazette, specify in this behalf.
(18) Any investment in an account under the Senior Citizens Savings Scheme Rules, 2004.
(19) Any investment as five year time deposit in an account under the Post Office Time Deposit Rules,
1981.
It may be clarified that the amount of premium or other payment made on an insurance policy [other than a
contract for deferred annuity mentioned in sub-para (2)] shall be eligible for deduction only to the extent
of 20 per cent of the actual capital sum assured. In calculating any such actual capital sum, the following
shall not be taken into account :
(i) the value of any premiums agreed to be returned, or
(ii) any benefit by way of bonus or otherwise over and above the sum actually assured which may be
received under the policy.
B. As per section 80CCC, where an assessee being an individual has in the previous year paid or deposited
any amount out of his income chargeable to tax to effect or keep in force a contract for any annuity plan of
Life Insurance Corporation of India or any other insurer for receiving pension from the Fund referred to in
clause (23AAB) of section 10, he shall, in accordance with, and subject to the provisions of this section, be
allowed a deduction in the computation of his total income, of the whole of the amount paid or deposited
(excluding interest or bonus accrued or credited to the assessee’s account, if any) as does not exceed the
amount of one lakh rupees in the previous year.
Where any amount paid or deposited by the assessee has been taken into account for the purposes of this
section, a rebate/deduction with reference to such amount shall not be allowed under section 88 up to
assessment year 2005-06 and under section 80C from assessment year 2006-07 onwards.
C. As per the provisions of section 80CCD, where an assessee, being an individual employed by the
Central Government on or after the 1st day of January, 2004, has in the previous year paid or deposited
any amount in his account under a pension scheme as notified vide Notification No. F.N. 5/7/2003-ECB &
PR, dated 22-12-2003, he shall be allowed a deduction in the computation of his total income, of the whole
of the amount so paid or deposited as does not exceed ten per cent of his salary in the previous year.
The benefit of new pension scheme has been extended to any other employees (also self-employed person)
with retrospective effect from 1-4-2009 and deduction is allowed to employees up to 10 per cent of salary
in the previous year and in other cases up to 10 per cent of his gross total income in the previous year.
Further it has been specified that with retrospective effect from 1-4-2009 any amount received by the
assessee from the new pension scheme shall be deemed not to have received in the previous year if such
amount is used for purchasing an annuity plan in the previous year.
Where any amount standing to the credit of the assessee in his account under such pension scheme, in
respect of which a deduction has been allowed as per the provisions discussed above, together with the
amount accrued thereon, if any, is received by the assessee or his nominee, in whole or in part, in any
financial year,—
(a) on account of closure or his opting out of such pension scheme; or
(b) as pension received from the annuity plan purchased or taken on such closure or opting out,
the whole of the amount referred to in clause (a) or clause (b) above shall be deemed to be the income of
the assessee or his nominee, as the case may be, in the financial year in which such amount is received,
and shall accordingly be charged to tax as income of that financial year.
For the purposes of deduction under section 80CCD, ‘salary’ includes dearness allowance, if the terms of
employment so provide, but excludes all other allowances and perquisites.
The aggregate amount of deduction under sections 80C, 80CCC and 80CCD shall not exceed Rs. 1,00,000
(section 80CCE)
D. Section 80D provides for deduction available for health premia paid etc. In computing the total income
of an assessee, being an individual or a Hindu undivided family, there shall be deducted such sum, as
specified below payment of which is made by any mode, other than cash, in the previous year out of his
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income chargeable to tax. Where the assessee is an individual, the sum referred to shall be the aggregate of
the following, namely :—
(a) the whole of the amount paid to effect or to keep in force an insurance on the health of the assessee
or his family as does not exceed in the aggregate fifteen thousand rupees; and
(b) the whole of the amount paid to effect or to keep in force an insurance on the health of the parent or
parents of the assessee as does not exceed in the aggregate fifteen thousand rupees.
Explanation.—For the purposes of clause (a), ‘family’ means the spouse and dependent children of the
assessee.
Where the assessee is a Hindu undivided family, the sum referred to shall be the whole of the amount paid
to effect or to keep in force an insurance on the health of any member of that Hindu undivided family as
does not exceed in the aggregate fifteen thousand rupees.
Where the sum specified above is paid to effect or keep in force an insurance on the health of any person
specified therein, and who is a senior citizen, the deduction available is ‘twenty thousand rupees’ rather
than fifteen thousand as specified above.
Explanation.—For the above “senior citizen” means an individual resident in India who is of the age of
sixty-five years or more at any time during the relevant previous year.
The insurance referred to above shall be in accordance with a scheme made in this behalf by—
(a) the General Insurance Corporation of India formed under section 9 of the General Insurance Business
(Nationalisation) Act, 1972 (57 of 1972) and approved by the Central Government in this behalf; or
(b) any other insurer and approved by the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority established
under sub-section (1) of section 3 of the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority Act, 1999
(41 of 1999).
E. Under section 80DD, where an assessee, who is a resident in India, has, during the previous year,—
(a) incurred any expenditure for the medical treatment (including nursing), training and rehabilitation of
a dependant, being a person with disability; or
(b) paid or deposited any amount under a scheme framed in this behalf by the Life Insurance
Corporation or any other insurer or the Administrator or the specified company subject to the
conditions specified in this regard and approved by the Board in this behalf for the maintenance of a
dependant, being a person with disability,
the assessee shall be allowed a deduction of a sum of fifty thousand rupees from his gross total income of
that year.
However, where such dependant is a person with severe disability, an amount of seventy-five thousand
rupees shall be allowed as deduction subject to the specified conditions.
The deduction under clause (b) of sub-section (1) shall be allowed only if the following conditions are
fulfilled:—
A. (i) the scheme referred to in clause (b) above provides for payment of annuity or lump sum amount for
the benefit of a dependant, being a person with disability, in the event of the death of the individual in
whose name subscription to the scheme has been made;
(ii) the assessee nominates either the dependant, being a person with disability, or any other person or a
trust to receive the payment on his behalf, for the benefit of the dependant, being a person with disability.
However, if the dependant, being a person with disability, predeceases the assessee, an amount equal to
the amount paid or deposited under sub-para (b) above shall be deemed to be the income of the assessee of
the previous year in which such amount is received by the assessee and shall accordingly be chargeable to
tax as the income of that previous year.
B. The assessee, claiming a deduction under this section, shall furnish a copy of the certificate issued by
the medical authority in the prescribed form and manner, along with the return of income under section
139, in respect of the assessment year for which the deduction is claimed :
In cases where the condition of disability requires reassessment of its extent after a period stipulated in the
aforesaid certificate, no deduction under this section shall be allowed for any subsequent period unless a
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new certificate is obtained from the medical authority in the prescribed form and manner and a copy
thereof is furnished along with the return of income.
For the purposes of section 80DD,—
(a) “Administrator” means the Administrator as referred to in clause (a) of section 2 of the Unit Trust of
India (Transfer of Undertaking and Repeal) Act, 2002 (58 of 2002);
(b) “dependant” means—
(i) in the case of an individual, the spouse, children, parents, brothers and sisters of the individual
or any of them;
(ii) in the case of a Hindu undivided family, a member of the Hindu undivided family, dependant
wholly or mainly on such individual or Hindu undivided family for his support and maintenance,
and who has not claimed any deduction under section 80U in computing his total income for the
assessment year relating to the previous year;
(c) “disability” shall have the meaning assigned to it in clause (i) of section 2 of the Persons with
Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995 (1 of 1996)
and includes “autism”, “cerebral palsy” and “multiple disability” referred to in clauses (a), (c) and (h)
of section 2 of the National Trust for Welfare of Persons with Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Mental
Retardation and Multiple Disabilities Act, 1999 (44 of 1999);
(d) “Life Insurance Corporation” shall have the same meaning as in clause (iii) of sub-section (8) of
section 88;
(e) “medical authority” means the medical authority as referred to in clause (p) of section 2 of the
Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995
(1 of 1996) or such other medical authority as may, by notification, be specified by the Central
Government for certifying “autism”, “cerebral palsy”, “multiple disabilities”, “person with disability”
and “severe disability” referred to in clauses (a), (c), (h), (j) and (o) of section 2 of the National Trust
for Welfare of Persons with Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Mental Retardation and Multiple Disabilities
Act, 1999 (44 of 1999);
(f) “person with disability” means a person as referred to in clause (t) of section 2 of the Persons with
Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995 (1 of 1996)
or clause (j) of section 2 of the National Trust for Welfare of Persons with Autism, Cerebral Palsy,
Mental Retardation and Multiple Disabilities Act, 1999 (44 of 1999);
(g) “person with severe disability” means—
(i) a person with eighty per cent or more of one or more disabilities, as referred to in sub-section
(4) of section 56 of the Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and
Full Participation) Act, 1995 (1 of 1996); or
(ii) a person with severe disability referred to in clause (o) of section 2 of the National Trust for
Welfare of Persons with Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Mental Retardation and Multiple Disabilities
Act, 1999 (44 of 1999);
(h) “specified company” means a company as referred to in clause (h) of section 2 of the Unit Trust of
India (Transfer of Undertaking and Repeal) Act, 2002 (58 of 2002).
F. Under section 80E of the Act a deduction will be allowed in respect of repayment of interest on loan
taken for higher education, subject to the following conditions:
(i) In computing the total income of an assessee, being an individual, there shall be deducted, in
accordance with and subject to the provisions of this section, any amount paid by him in the previous
year, out of his income chargeable to tax, by way of interest on loan, taken by him from any financial
institution or any approved charitable institution for the purpose of pursuing his higher education or
for the purpose of higher education of his spouse or children.
(ii) The deduction specified above shall be allowed in computing the total income in respect of the initial
assessment year and seven assessment years immediately succeeding the initial assessment year or
until the interest referred to above is paid in full by the assessee, whichever is earlier.
For this purpose —
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(a) “approved charitable institution” means an institution established for charitable purposes and
approved by the prescribed authority under clause (2C) of section 10, or, an institution referred to in
clause (a) of sub-section (2) of section 80G.
(b) “financial institution” means a banking company to which the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 (10 of
1949) applies (including any bank or banking institution referred to in section 51 of that Act); or any
other financial institution which the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette,
specify in this behalf;
(c) “higher education” means any course of study pursued after passing the Senior Secondary
Examination or its equivalent from any school, board or university recognised by the Central
Government or State Government or local authority or by any other authority authorised by the
Central Government or State Government or local authority to do so;
(d) “initial assessment year” means the assessment year relevant to the previous year, in which the
assessee starts paying the interest on the loan.
(e) “relative”, in relation to an individual, means the spouse and children of that individual or the student
for whom the individual is the legal guardian
G. Section 80G provides for deductions on account of donation made to various funds, charitable
organizations etc. Generally no deduction should be allowed by the D.D.O. from the salary income in
respect of any donations made for charitable purposes. The tax relief on such donations as admissible
under section 80G of the Act, will have to be claimed by the taxpayer in the return of income. However in
cases where employees make donations to the Prime Minister’s National Relief Fund, the Chief Minister’s
Relief Fund or the Lieutenant Governor’s Relief Fund through their respective employers, it is not possible
for such funds to issue separate certificate to every such employee in respect of donations made to such
funds as contributions made to these funds are in the form of a consolidated cheque. An employee who
makes donations towards these funds is eligible to claim deduction under section 80G. It is, hereby,
clarified that the claim in respect of such donations as indicated above will be admissible under section
80G on the basis of the certificate issued by the Drawing and Disbursing Officer (DDO)/Employer in this
behalf - Circular No. 2/2005, dated 12-1-2005.
H. Under section 80GG of the Act an assessee is entitled to a deduction in respect of house rent paid by
him for his own residence. Such deduction is permissible subject to the following conditions :—
(a) the assessee has not been in receipt of any House Rent Allowance specifically granted to him which
qualifies for exemption under section 10(13A) of the Act;
(b) the assessee files the declaration in Form No. 10BA. (Annexure-VI)
(c) He will be entitled to a deduction in respect of house rent paid by him in excess of 10 per cent of his
total income, subject to a ceiling of 25 per cent thereof or Rs. 2,000 per month, whichever is less. The
total income for working out these percentages will be computed before making any deduction under
section 80GG.
(d) The assessee does not own :
(i) any residential accommodation himself or by his spouse or minor child or where such assessee
is a member of a Hindu Undivided Family, by such family, at the place where he ordinarily
resides or performs duties of his office or carries on his business or profession; or
(ii) at any other place, any residential accommodation being accommodation in the occupation of
the assessee, the value of which is to be determined under clause (a) of sub-section (2) or, as the
case may be, clause (a) of sub-section (4) of section 23:
The Drawing and Disbursing Authorities should satisfy themselves that all the conditions mentioned above
are satisfied before such deduction is allowed by them to the assessee. They should also satisfy themselves
in this regard by insisting on production of evidence of actual payment of rent.
I. Under section 80U, in computing the total income of an individual, being a resident, who, at any time
during the previous year, is certified by the medical authority to be a person with disability, there shall be
allowed a deduction of a sum of fifty thousand rupees.
However, where such individual is a person with severe disability, a higher deduction of one lakh rupees
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shall be allowable.
Every individual claiming a deduction under this section shall furnish a copy of the certificate issued by
the medical authority in the prescribed form and manner along with the return of income, in respect of the
assessment year for which the deduction is claimed.
In cases where the condition of disability requires reassessment of its extent after a period stipulated in the
aforesaid certificate, no deduction under this section shall be allowed for any subsequent period unless a
new certificate is obtained from the medical authority in the prescribed form and manner and a copy
thereof is furnished along with the return of income.
For the purposes of this section, the expressions “disability”, “medical authority”, “person with disability”
and “person with severe disability” shall have the same meaning as given in section 80DD (sub-para E of
para 5.4 of this Circular).
DDOs to satisfy themselves of the genuineness of claim:
(21) The Drawing and Disbursing Officers should satisfy themselves about the actual
deposits/subscriptions/payments made by the employees, by calling for such particulars/information as
they deem necessary before allowing the aforesaid deductions. In case the DDO is not satisfied about the
genuineness of the employee’s claim regarding any deposit/subscription/payment made by the employee,
he should not allow the same, and the employee would be free to claim the deduction/rebate on such
amount by filing his return of income and furnishing the necessary proof etc., therewith, to the satisfaction
of the Assessing Officer.
6. Calculation of income-tax to be deducted:
6.1 Salary income for the purpose of section 192 shall be computed as follow:—
(a) First compute the gross salary as mentioned in para 5.1 excluding all the incomes mentioned in para
5.2;
(b) Allow deductions mentioned in para 5.3 from the figure arrived at (a) above;
(c) Allow deductions mentioned in para 5.4 from the figure arrived at (b) above ensuring that aggregate
of the deductions mentioned in para 5.4 does not exceed the figure of (b) and if it exceeds, it should
be restricted to that amount.
This will be the amount of income from salaries on which income-tax would be required to be deducted.
This income should be rounded off to the nearest multiple of ten rupees.
6.2 Income-tax on such income shall be calculated at the rates given in para 2 of this Circular keeping in
view the age and gender of the employee.
6.3 The amount of tax payable so arrived at shall be increased by educational cess as applicable (2 per cent
for primary and 1 per cent for secondary education) to arrive at the total tax payable.
6.4 The amount of tax as arrived at para 6.3 should be deducted every month in equal instalments. Any
excess or deficit arising out of any previous deduction can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the
amount of subsequent deductions during the same financial year.
Subject :- Clarification regarding deduction of tax at source from payments of second instalment of
arrears to Government employees on account of implementation of Sixth Central Pay Commission’s
recommendations matter regarding.
Under the provisions of section 192 of the Income-tax Act, an employer is required to deduct tax at source
from any payments in the nature of salary, which inter alia also includes any arrear payments. The
Implementation Cell of the Department of Expenditure, Government of India, vide its Office Order dated
30th August 2008 had stated that 40 per cent of the aggregate arrear (first instalment of arrears) would be
payable during Financial Year 2008-09. In Circular No. 9/2008, dated 29th September, 2008 issued from
this office it was stated that during 2008-09 the tax has to be deducted at source on this 40 per cent of
aggregate arrear during financial year 2008-09.The OM,F.No. 1/1/2008-IC, of the Implementation Cell of
the Department of Expenditure, Government of India, vide its order dated 25th August, 2009 has stated
that the remaining 60 per cent of the aggregate arrear (second instalment of arrears) would be paid to the
concerned Government servants during financial year 2009-10. Such arrangements could be followed by
State Governments also.
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In this regard, all the DDOs and PAOs as the case may be, in the Central/State Government and various
organizations under them are advised to compute the correct tax liability of every employee on second
instalment of arrears drawn by him and immediately recover the full tax liability along with education cess
thereon at the rates in force. The deduction of tax at source on such arrear payment should not be deferred
in any circumstance. They should further ensure that the tax so recovered is paid to the account of Central
Government account immediately as per the Income-tax Rules, 1962. The DDOs/PAOs are further advised
that they should ensure that the PAN details of the deductees (recipient of arrears) are correctly quoted in
the relevant quarterly e-TDS returns filed by them so that the Government Servants get proper credit of
their tax deducted in their respective income tax returns.
DDOs/PAOs who fail to comply with the provisions of section 192 of the Income-tax Act, 1961 would be
liable to pay interest under section 201(1)/(1A) of Income-tax Act along with other penal consequences.
7. Miscellaneous
7.1 These instructions are not exhaustive and are issued only with a view to helping the employers to
understand the various provisions relating to deduction of tax from salaries. Wherever there is any doubt,
reference may be made to the provisions of the Income-tax Act, 1961, the Income-tax Rules, 1962 and the
Finance Act, 2009.
7.2 In case any assistance is required, the Assessing Officer/the local Public Relation Officer of the
Income-tax Department may be contacted.
7.3 These instructions may be brought to the notice of all Disbursing Officers and Undertakings including
those under the control of the Central/State Governments.
7.4 Copies of this Circular are available with the Director of Income-tax (Research, Statistics &
Publications and Public Relations), 6th Floor, Mayur Bhavan, Indira Chowk, New Delhi-110 001 and at
the following websites:
www.finmin.nic.in
www.incometaxindia.gov.in
ANNEXURE I
EXAMPLE 1
For assessment year 2010-11
Calculation of income-tax in the case of a male employee having gross salary income of:
(i) Rs. 2,00,000,
(ii) Rs. 5,00,000, and
(iii) Rs. 10,00,000
Computation of total income and tax payable thereon
EXAMPLE 2
Particulars (Rupees) (Rupees) (Rupees)
(i) (ii) (iii)
Gross Salary Income 2,00,000 5,00,000 10,00,000
(Including allowances)
Contribution to G.P.F. 20,000 50,000 1,00,000
Gross Salary 2,00,000 5,00,000 10,00,000
Less: Deduction U/s 80C 20,000 50,000 1,00,000
Taxable income 1,80,000 4,50,000 9,00,000
Tax thereon 2,000 41,000 1,71,000
Add:
Education Cess @2% 40 820 3,420
Secondary and Higher
Education Cess @ 1% 20 410 1,710
Total tax payable 2,060 42,230 1,76,130
2/2/2010
For assessment year 2010-11
Calculation of income-tax in the case of a male employee having a handicapped dependent.
Particulars:
Computation of Tax
EXAMPLE 3
For assessment year 2010-11
Calculation of income-tax in the case of a male employee where medical treatment expenditure was borne
by the employer.
Particulars:
Computation of Tax
1. Gross Salary Rs.
3,20,000
2. Amount spent on treatment of a dependant, being person with disability( but not severe
disability)
Rs. 7,000
3. Amount paid to LIC with regard to annuity for the maintenance of a dependant, being
person with disability (but not severe disability)
Rs. 50,000
4. GPF Contribution Rs. 25,000
5. LIP Paid Rs. 10,000
Gross Salary Rs.
3,20,000
Less: Deduction U/s 80DD
(Restricted to Rs. 50,000 only) Rs.
50,000
Taxable Income Rs.
2,70,000
Less: Deduction u/s 80C:
GPF 25,000
LIP 10,000
Total 35,000 35,000
Total Income Rs.
2,35,000
Income-tax thereon/payable Rs.
7,500
Add:
Education Cess @2% 150
Secondary and Higher
Education Cess @1% 75
Total Income-tax payable Rs.
7,725
Rounded off to Rs.
7,730
1. Gross Salary Rs.
3,00,000
2. Medical Reimbursement by employer on the treatment of self and dependent family
member
Rs. 30,000
3. Contribution of GPF Rs. 20,000
4. LIC premium Rs. 20,000
5. Repayment of House Building Advance Rs. 25,000
6. Tuition fees for two children Rs. 60,000
7. Investment in Unit-Linked Insurance Plan Rs. 20,000
Gross Salary Rs.
3,00,000
2/2/2010
EXAMPLE 4
For assessment year 2010-11
Illustrative calculation of House Rent Allowance U/s 10 (13A) in respect of residential accommodation
situated in Delhi in case of a female employee :
Particulars :
Computation of total income and tax payable thereon
Add: Perquisite in respect of reimbursement of Medical Expenses in excess of Rs. 15,000
in view of Section 17(2)(v)
Rs.
15,000
Taxable Income Rs.
3,15,000
Less: Deduction u/s 80C:
GPF 20,000
LIC 20,000
Repayment of HBA 25,000
Tuition Fees 60,000
Investment in
Unit-Linked
Insurance Plan 20,000
Total 1,45,000
Restricted to Rs. 1,00,000 Rs.
1,00,000
Total Income: Rs.
2,15,000
Tax Payable Rs.
5,500
Add:
Education Cess @2% 110
Secondary and Higher
Education Cess @1%
55
Total Income-tax payable Rs.
5665
Rounded off to Rs.
5660
1. Salary Rs. 2,50,000
2. Dearness Allowance Rs. 1,00,000
3. House Rent Allowance Rs. 1,40,000
4. House rent paid Rs. 1,44,000
5. General Provident Fund Rs. 36,000
6. Life Insurance Premium Rs. 4,000
7. Subscription to Unit-Linked Insurance Plan Rs. 50,000
1. Salary + D.A. Rs.
3,50,000
House Rent Allowance Rs.
1,40,000
2. Total Salary income Rs.
4,90,000
3. Less: House Rent Allowance exempt U/s 10(13A): Least of:
a. Actual amount of HRA received=1,40,000
b. Expenditure of rent in excess of 10%
of salary (including D.A. presuming that D.A.
is taken for retirement benefit)
(1,44,000-35,000) = 1,09,000
c. 50% of Salary(Basic + DA)= Rs. 1,75,000 Rs.
2/2/2010
EXAMPLE 5
For assessment year 2010-11
Illustrating valuation of perquisite and calculation of tax in the case of a male employee of a private
company in Mumbai who was provided accommodation in a flat at concessional rate for ten months and in
a hotel for two months.
Computation of total income and tax paid thereon:
1,09,000
Gross Total Income: Rs.
3,81,000
Less: Deduction u/s 80C:
GPF : 36,000
LIC : 4,000
Subscription to
Unit Linked
Insurance Plan : 50,000
Total : 90,000 Rs.
90,000
Total Income: Rs.
2,91,000
Tax payable on total income Rs.
10,100
Add:
Education Cess @2% 202
Secondary and Higher Education Cess @1% 101
Total Income-tax payable Rs.
10,403
Rounded off to Rs.
10,400
1. Salary: Rs.
7,00,000
2. Bonus: Rs.
1,40,000
3. Free gas, electricity, water etc. Rs.
40,000
(Actual bills paid by company)
4 (b) Hotel rent paid by employer (for two months) Rs.
1,00,000
4 (c) Rent recovered from employee: Rs.
60,000
4 (d) Cost of furniture Rs.
2,00,000
5. Subscription to Unit-Linked
Insurance Plan Rs.
50,000
6. Life Insurance Premium Rs.
10,000
7. Contribution to recognized P.F. Rs.
42,000
1. Salary Rs.
7,00,000
2. Bonus Rs.
1,40,000
Total Salary for Valuation of Rs.
2/2/2010
Valuation of perquisites
EXAMPLE 6
For assessment year 2010-11
Illustrating Valuation of perquisite and calculation of tax in the case of a female employee of a Private
Company posted at Delhi and repaying House Building Loan.
Particulars:
8,40,000
Perquisite i.e.; Rs.70,000 per month
(a) Perq. for flat : Lower of (15% of salary for ten months=
Rs.1,05,000) and (actual rent paid=3,60,000) Rs.
1,05,000
(b) Perq. for hotel : Lower of (24% of salary of 2 mths=33,600) and (actual
payment=1,00,000)
Rs.
33,600
(c) Perq. for furniture @ 10% of cost Rs.
20,000
Rs.
1,58,600
Less: Rent recovered from employee Rs.
60,000
Rs.
98,600
(d) Add perq. for free gas, elec.,
water
Rs.
40,000
Total perquisites Rs.
1,38,600
Gross Total Income Rs.
9,78,600
(8,40,000+1,38,600)
Less: Deduction u/s 80C:
Provident Fund 42,000
LIC 10,000
Subscription to Unit 50,000
Linked Insurance Plan
Total Rs.
1,02,000
Rs.
1,00,000
Total Income Rs.
8,78,600
Tax Payable Rs.
1,64,580
Add:
Surcharge Nil
Education Cess @2% 3,291.6
Secondary and Higher
Education Cess @1% 1,645.8
Total Income-tax payable Rs.
1,69,517.4
Rounded off to Rs. 1,69,520
1. Salary : Rs. 3,00,000
2. Dearness Allowance : Rs. 1,00,000
3. House Rent Allowance : Rs. 1,80,000
4. Special Duties Allowance : Rs. 12,000
5. Provident Fund : Rs. 60,000
6. LIP : Rs. 10,000
2/2/2010
Computation of total income and tax payable thereon
ANNEXURE II
Form No. 12BA : Statement showing particulars of perquisites, other fringe benefits or amenities and
profits in lieu of salary with value thereof - See [2002] 124 Taxman 64 (St.)
ANNEXURE III
Form No. 16AA : Certificate for tax deducted at source from income chargeable under the head
“Salaries”-cum-Return of income - See [2004] 134 Taxman 128 (St.)
ANNEXURE IV
Notification No. SO 974(E), dated 26-8-2003 - See [2003] 131 Taxman 34 (St.)
ANNEXURE IVA
Notification F.No. 5/7/2003-ECB & PR, dated 22-12-2003
The Government approved on 23rd August, 2003 the proposal to implement the budget announcement of
2003-04 relating to introducing a new restructured defined contribution pension system for new entrants to
Central Government service, except to Armed Forces, in the first stage, replacing the existing system of
7. Deposit in NSC VIII Issue : Rs. 30,000
8. Rent Paid by the employee for house hired by her : Rs. 1,20,000
9. Repayment of House Building Loan (Principal) : Rs. 60,000
10. Tuition Fees for three children (Rs.10,000 per child) : Rs. 30,000
1. Gross salary : 5,92,000
(Basic+DA+HRA+SDA)
Less: House rent allowance exempt
U/s 10 (13A)
Least of:
a. Actual amount of HRA received 1,80,000
b. Expenditure on rent in excess
of 10% of salary (Including
D.A.) assuming D.A. is
including for retirement
benefits (1,20,000- 40,000) 80,000
c. 50% of salary (including D.A) 2,00,000 (-)
80,000
Gross Total Taxable Income 5,12,000
Less: Deduction u/s 80C:
i. Provident Fund : 60,000
ii. LIP : 10,000
iii. NSC VIII Issue : 30,000
iv. Repayment of
HBA
: 60,000
v. Tuition Fees
(Restricted to two
children)
: 20,000
Total : 1,80,000
Restricted to 1,00,000
Total Income 4,12,000
Tax Payable 33,400
Add:
Education Cess @2% 668
Secondary and Higher Education Cess @1% 334
Total Income-tax payable Rs.
34,068
Rounded off to Rs.
34,070
2/2/2010
defined benefit pension system.
(i) The system would be mandatory for all new recruits to the Central Government service from 1st of
January, 2004 (except the armed forces in the first stage). The monthly contribution would be 10 per
cent of the salary and DA to be paid by the employee and matched by the Central Government.
However, there will be no contribution from the Government in respect of individuals who are not
Government employees. The contribution and investment returns would be deposited in a nonwithdrawable
pension tier-I account. The existing provisions of defined benefit pension and GPF
would not be available to the new recruits in the Central Government service.
(ii) In addition to the above pension account, each individual may also have a voluntary tier-II
withdrawable account at his option. This option is given as GPF will be withdrawn for new recruits in
Central Government service. Government will make no contribution into this account. These assets
would be managed through exactly the above procedures. However, the employee would be free to
withdraw part or all of the ‘second tier’ of his money anytime. This withdrawable account does not
constitute pension investment, and would attract no special tax treatment.
(iii) Individuals can normally exit at or after age 60 years for tier-I of the pension system. At the exit the
individual would be mandatorily required to invest 40 per cent of pension wealth to purchase an
annuity (from an IRDA-regulated life insurance company). In case of Government employees the
annuity should provide for pension for the lifetime of the employee and his dependent parents and his
spouse at the time of retirement. The individual would receive a lump sum of the remaining pension
wealth, which he would be free to utilize in any manner. Individuals would have the flexibility to
leave the pension system prior to age 60. However, in this case, the mandatory annuitisation would be
80 per cent of the pension wealth.
Architecture of the new Pension System
(iv) It will have a central record keeping and accounting (CRA) infrastructure, several pension fund
managers (PFMs) to offer three categories of schemes viz. option A, B and C.
(v) The participating entities (PFMs and CRA) would give out easily understood information about past
performance, so that the individual would be able to make informed choices about which scheme to
choose.
2. The effective date for operationalization of the new pension system shall be from 1st of January, 2004.
ANNEXURE-VA
Notification No. S.O. 1048(E), dated 24-11-2000 - See [2000] 113 Taxman 52 (St.)
ANNEXURE-VB
Notification No. S.O. 81(E), dated 29-1-2001 - See [2001] 115 Taxman 183 (St.)
ANNEXURE-VI
Form No. 10BA : Declaration to be filed by the assessee claiming deduction under section 80GG -
Income-tax (Nineteenth Amendment) Rules, 1998 - See [1998] 100 Taxman 110 (St.)
2/2/2010

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